The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism has recognised the making of fish sauce on Phú Quốc Island City in the Mekong Delta province of Kiên Giang as national intangible cultural heritage.
Phú Quốc fish sauce uses anchovy with high protein level as a key ingredient. — VNA/VNS Photo Thanh Vũ
The move aims to help local residents maintain the essence of the traditional craft.
Chairwoman of the Phú Quốc Fish Sauce Association Hồ Kim Liên said Phú Quốc’s waters are home to a variety of seaweed and plankton that are major feed sources for anchovies - a key ingredient in its fish sauce.
The craft has existed in Phú Quốc for more than 200 years ago. Local residents catch fresh anchovies and salt them before fermenting them in giant wooden barrels.
The older the barrel is, the more durable it becomes and the better the quality of the fish sauce is.
The barrels have a wide mouth and are made from 55 planks of equal size: 2.2 metres long, 20cm wide, and 6cm thick. The diameter of the barrel mouth is about 3.2m and that of the bottom is some 2.6m. It is also strapped with green rattan.
Lien said the fish sauce is produced using traditional methods, with the recipe being three parts anchovy and one salt, and the fermentation period from 10 to 15 months. From the first to final layers, the fish sauce is divided into different types based on their protein levels. The final product has an amber colour and a slight aroma.
With support from the French Embassy in Hà Nội in 1998, the then Ministry of Fisheries (which later became part of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development) along with Kiên Giang province prepared an application for geographical indication. On June 1, 2001, Phú Quốc fish sauce was the first product in Vietnam to secure such status.
In July 2013, the EU granted the “Phú Quốc” origin certificate to the Vietnamese fish sauce.
A month later, the Ministry of Industry and Trade handed over the certificate to representatives of Phú Quốc island district People’s Committee and the Phú Quốc Fish Sauce Association and it has since become an attractive local tourism product.
Phú Quốc city is home to about 100 fish sauce makers, mostly in Dương Đông and An Thới wards. Between now and 2025, it will strive to produce 12 million litres of fish sauce each year on average.
According to Lien, a major difficulty for the industry is that some consumers cannot identify genuine Phú Quốc traditional fish sauce, leading to unstable prices.
The Phú Quốc Fish Sauce Association, founded in October 2000 and with 53 members, will pay attention to developing fish sauce quality to continue promoting its trademark, she said.
The craft is also expected to seek UNESCO world intangible cultural heritage status, contributing to improving its brand value and promoting the image of Phú Quốc island city.
