The ancient city of Hoi An is being challenged by mass tourism, traffic congestion, underdeveloped waste management, vendors, street food quality and poor design and operation of homestays that have badly impacted the UNESCO-recognised World Heritage Site.
POPULAR: Visitors at a restaurant in Hội An. The UNESCO-recognised World Heritage Site is being challenged by an influx of tourists. VNS Photo Công Thành
Noise and dust pollution, unfair competition among tourism services and harassment have all been recorded in recent years.
Owners of centuries-built houses had leased them out, leaving a spiritual void in the city for generations of its people.
These problems were recently discussed and raised by managers of hotels, resorts, restaurants, travel agencies, the local administration, architects and cultural researchers at a meeting on how to improve the quality of tourism services in Hoi An.
Sports activities on An Bàng Beach. VNS Photo Công Thành
Vice Chairman of the Quang Nam Tourism Association Vo Phung said the Old Quarter covering just 1sq.km hosted at least 10,000 visitors each day, creating pressure on vulnerable infrastructure, architecture, the environment and traffic.
The gentle lifestyle of the old streets had been replaced by noisy vehicles, annoying vendors and street food carts, Phung said.
Deputy Director of Hoi An’s Information and Culture Centre Nguyen Phuong Dong said the Old Quarter had become overloaded over the past 20 years since it was recognised as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.
“Although we charge locals 80,000 VND and foreigners 120,000 VND to enter, the Old Quarter still hosts from 10,000 to 13,000 visitors each day, which is three times more than it can take,” Dong said.
“At least 8,000 visitors flock into city from 3pm to 9pm, and it’s chaos. Sometimes, it's difficult for local residents and tourists to move comfortably in the pedestrian area,” he said.
TASTY: A cooking class for foreign tourists at a homestay in Trà Quế village in Hội An . VNSPhoto Công Thành
Luu Van Anh, a restaurant owner in Hoi An, suggested new night performances and art spaces should be built on An Bang Beach, Tra Que Village or Phan Boi Chau Street to create more options for visitors in the evening.
“There are no more options for tourists at night. The city could host nighttime entertainment, markets and art performances to ease congestion in the Old Quarter,” he suggested.
“More pedestrian bridges should be built over the Hoai River because An Hoi Bridge gets really busy at night. Street art plans for Phan Boi Chau – outside the Old Quarter – have yet to be realised, along with activities or events at night. Shops often close at 8pm, except restaurants, cafés and spas,” Anh said.
Tran Thanh Chau, from Silk Sense Resort and Spa, said a tourism database should be developed to identify different classes of tourists before proposing a solution for the overloading.
He said the city could offer a 50 percent discount for entrance tickets between 8am and 2pm, which would help reduce numbers during rush-hour (from 3pm to 10pm).
Tran Tan Van, Chairman of the Vietnam Architects Association, warned that ancient architecture in Hoi An would be damaged due to redecoration or redesign.
“The architecture is a priceless heritage for Hoi An's people,” he said.
“More shopping centres and entertainment spaces, art stages, fashion stores, a night market and pedestrian streets should be created to reduce congestion,” he added.
Van said the city should move its administrative centre and stage agency buildings to outside the Old Quarter to reserve more space for tourists.
Homestays
Tran Thi Ngoc Dung, from the city’s Information and Culture Centre, said 302 homestays had been established in the city with a total of 1,100 rooms.
ILLUMINATING: Lanterns light up a night market in Hội An. VNS Photo Công Thành
“Homestay services have been booming, from six places with 31 rooms to 302 with 1,187 rooms in 2018, creating 1,000 jobs and revenue of 13.7 billion VND,” Dung said.
“Homestays now look like two-star hotels thanks to a decor makeover, but they're still lacking cultural activities,” she said.
“Tourists need to join in community activities such as going to the market, cooking or even going to a family wedding or party.”
Pham My, a tour operator, said most homestays in Hoi An focused on room service rather than community-based lifestyle and cultural exchanges.
“It’s false in terms of design and architecture. Rural houses in Hoi An's suburban areas must be restored to what they were in the past,” My explained.
“Street food is also poor and takes up space. Vendors badger tourists to buy fruit, tofu and toys,” he said.
My added that eye-catching souvenirs were rare in Hoi An, only clay toys, lanterns and poorly designed carpentry could be found.
He said local residents should be educated about environmental protection, waste management and recycling, and food safety.
Phan Xuan Anh, a tour operator at Saigontourist, said the environment needed cleaning up in Cam Thanh commune and An Bang Beach.
He suggested homestay owners should improve their English and knowledge of history and culture to offer support for tourists during their stay.
Hoi An releases 33,500 tonnes of rubbish each year, but there is no standard waste processing plant in the city.
The city welcomed 1.7 million tourists in the first nine months of the year, of which 1.4 million were foreigners, earning 198 billion VND (8.6 million USD), a 28 percent jump from the same period last year./.